Hydrogen Sulfide Resistance ntawm Petrochemical Steel: Hard Lessons los ntawm Sour Fields

 Tom qab tshuaj xyuas cov ntawv ceeb toom tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm qaub-kev ua haujlwm roj hauv Middle East thiab US Permian Basin, hydrogen sulfide tsis kam nyob rau hauv petrochemical steel tawm tsawg dua raws li cov lus nug ntawm cov khoom sib txawv thiab ntau dua li kev qhuab qhia cov khoom siv engineering hauv qab tiag -cov ntaub ntawv degradation ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias nyob rau ib feem me me, ntub H₂S hloov cov pa roj carbon zoo tib yam rau hauv kev phom sij los ntawm sulfide stress cracking (SSC) thiab hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC). Atomic hydrogen generated nyob rau saum npoo diffuses rau hauv lub lattice, accumulates nyob rau hauv inclusions los yog ib qho nyuaj zones, thiab ua rau ncua kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv tensile kev nyuaj siab. Nyob rau hauv Permian qhov dej uas H₂S ib feem ntawm cov kev ntxhov siab ib txwm dhau ntawm 0.05 psia qhov pib uas tau teev tseg hauv NACE MR0175/ISO 15156, cov neeg ua haujlwm tau sau SSC hauv cov qib uas tsis yog{11}} ua raws li qib hauv lub hlis ntawm kev pib; Cov qauv zoo sib xws tshwm nyob rau hauv siab -sulfur crude units thoob plaws Gulf Coast thiab Middle Eastern refining complexes.

Cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm tseem tshuav NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156, ua kom zoo dua ntau xyoo los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav. Rau cov pa roj carbon thiab qis- alloy steels tus qauv caps hardness tsawg dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 22 HRC, txwv tsis pub leej faj thiab phosphorus, thiab tswj xyuas kev kho cua sov thiab, qhov twg yuav tsum tau, tom qab-weld kho cua sov kom tshem tawm cov cua sov nyuaj- thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Kev tsim nyog tso siab rau cov txheej txheem kuaj xws li NACE TM0177 rau SSC thiab TM0284 rau HIC, uas ntsuas qhov tawg- qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas raws li cov qauv qaub. Hauv kev xyaum, cov hlau uas ua kom tau raws li cov kev txwv no-feem ntau calcium- kho cov qib kav dej nrog kev ua kom zoo nkauj suav nrog morphology- tau pom tias muaj HIC qis dua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev - kuaj kev raug mob. Rau cov txheej txheem nruj dua, cov qib austenitic xws li 316L lossis duplex alloys muab kev tiv thaiv zoo dua, tsis tau tsuas yog thaum cov txheej txheem vuam txwv cov cua sov nkag thiab tom qab passivation rov ua dua cov chromium{18}}oxide zaj duab xis. Qhov chaw-Kev lees paub tshwj xeeb tseem tseem ceeb: chloride- cov kab mob paug uas muaj nyob hauv Middle Eastern kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tsis raug cai hauv chav kuaj tau txais hauv qhov chaw ntshiab H₂S-brine.

Kev paub dhau los nthuav tawm cov nqi luv luv. Cov haujlwm uas kho NACE TM0177 lossis TM0284 daim ntawv pov thawj kom txaus yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov pH, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab H₂S ib feem ntawm -cov ntaub ntawv siab tau raug kev tawg ntxov ntxov hauv cov pa roj- qab zib units thiab siab -sulfur crude distillation tsheb ciav hlau. Cov cheeb tsam nyuaj hauv cheeb tsam los ntawm kev vuam tsis raug lossis tsis zoo tom qab-weld kev kho cua sov txuas ntxiv mus ua qhov chaw pib txawm tias qhov hnyav hnyav ua tau raws li 22 HRC txwv. Advancedgalvanized steel kaujcov khoom engineered rau txhim kho corrosion kev ua tau zoo, ua ke nrog tshwj xeebcorrosion-resistant GI coilssiv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ancillary, piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas tswj txheej txheej thiab substrate chemistry tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kev tswj xyuas metallurgical xav tau los ntawm ISO 15156. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ib puag ncig kev ntsuas qhov hnyav nrog kev xaiv cov khoom siv thiab nruj fabrication tswj tsis tu ncua sau cov kev pabcuam ntev dua.

Thaum kawg, H₂S tiv thaiv xav tau kev txo hwj chim ua ntej chemistry. Codes muab lub moj khaum; tsuas yog ceev faj, pov thawj-raws li daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob txiav txim seb steel sawv los yog tsis. Rau cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm NACE-kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv ua raws lossis siab- kev ua tau zoo galvanized cov kev daws teeb meem haum rau kev xav tau ib puag ncig kev lag luam, hu rau pab pawg kws tshaj lij ntawm Sino-Galvanized los tshuaj xyuas qhov project- cov kev cai tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom xaiv muaj.